[26]cfste，&lso;ekapitel&rso;70ff

[27]thennectionofthethesystewiththesettlentoftroopsandthetroductionofldiers&rso;propertieswasfirstpotedoutbypenskij，&lso;voennoetrojstvo&rso;，199ffwithoutknogofpenskij&rso;swork，ste，studien，134ff，catothesancsion，andsubseentresearchonthisdevelopnthasbeenfencedbyhisiportantstudytherecentdoubtscastonthisbylerle，&lso;histoireagraire&rso;219，p70ff，220，p43ff，andkarayannopulos，opcit，15ff，72ff，areiteunjtifiedcfynts&lso;l&rso;exar插tderavenneetl&rso;origedesthèsbyzants&rso;，viirdiculturasull&rso;arteravennateebyzanta，1960，fasc1，105ffcfalthewellfoundedcriticisbyapkazdan，5516（1959），92ff

[28]cfaperti，&lso;laforationdesthèsbyzantes&rso;，31，andyownarticlereferredtotheprevionoteviewoftheobviorelationshipbeeenthethesysteandtheearlieranizationoftheroan-byzanteepireiseenoreantosuppose，asstedoes（&lso;ekapitel&rso;50ff），thatheracli&rso;systeoftheswasborrowedfrothepersianepire，howevergreatthesiilaritiesaybethesaappliestodarkó&rso;stheorythattheanizationofthethesaybetracedbacktoturanianodels，cfedarkó，&lso;fencestouraniennessurl&rso;évotiondel&rso;artilitairedesgrecs，desroasetdesbyzants&rso;，b10（1935），443ff，12（1937），119ff；&lso;lailitarizzazionedell&rso;iperobizanto&rso;，studibizeneoell5（1939），88ff；&lso;leroledespeuplesnoadescavaliersdanslatransforationdel&rso;epireroaauxpreierssièclesduoyena&rso;，b18（1948），85ff

[29]thenaofthetheopsikion（latobseiu）clearlyshowsthatregintsofguardsweresettledhereasiilarorigisrevealedbythenasofthethesbucellarionandoptiaton，whichwerelaterfordbydividgthetheopsikionthesaway，thethesarniakonandanatolikonarenotographicaldescriptionsbutthedistrictswheretroopsofthatnasettled，especiallyasthethearniakonwasnotarnianterritory，whilethetheanatolikonlaythewesternpartofasiaorsiilarlythelaterthethracesionwasthedistrictwheretroopsovedfrothracetoasiaorweresettled（cfp100，n3below）。

[30]&lso;laviedesphilarète&rso;，b9（1934），126

[31]ibnhordadbeh，eddegoeje，pp84and85;cfaldeceri654ffand667ff

[32]ithasbeencalculatedthatthetotalexpenditureonthearytheiddlebyzanteperiodwasapproxiately&lso;halfthatpaidoutthesixthcenturyforanarywhichwasnotuchlarrbutwhichwascertalyworse&rso;，ste，studien143

[33]thisdevelopnthasbeenecidatedbyste，studien144ffcfalste&rso;sntsztschrdsavigny-stift，roabt41（1920），239ff；rhe74（1925），389ff；schichte1，340f

[34]ste，studien147：&lso;theoldfancialdepartnts，particularlythelargitiones，werekilledbyalnutrition，butthepretorianprefectureshortlyafterwardsdiedoftheoppositealadyforitliterallyburstfrogrossovernutrition&rso;。

[35]alogothete，whoste，&lso;ekapitel&rso;74f，establi射sastheappearstheyear626chronpas插le721thereisalevidenceoftheattheendoftheseventhcentury，cftheophanes365，367，369andnicephor37cfbury，adsyste86thelastcertantionofapraetorianprefectoftheeastesfrotheyear629：zepos，j1，37cfste，&lso;ekapitel&rso;72ffthentionedbynicephor38，15695wascertalynotpraetorianprefectoftheeast，butanderofthepraetoriunstantople

[36]thefirstknownfell75960thebulgarianwar，theophanes431cfste，studien144;dolr，&lso;kodikellos&rso;54

[37]cftheophylsi218andtheophanes268（foraurice）andepisides，expedpers1，104ff（forheracli）。

[38]theophanes302（undertheyear621）：thefoundgofthelaterthe，atthattiatura，ieapartofthetheanatolikon，isclearlynnectedwiththesettlgoftheeuropeantroopsasiaor（askulakovskij，istorija，3，58，hasalreadyobserved）。

[39]forthepersianexpeditionsofheracliseepernice，eraclio111ff，andkulakovskij，istorija3，57ff，andalthedetailedstudiesbyrland，bz3（1898），330ff，andespeciallynhbaynes，ehr19（1904），694ff，and27（1912），287ff，albz26（1926），55f，opposgaj&uul;licher，harnack-festgabe（1921），121-33seealjaanandjan，arsrutypersidskichpochodoviperatorairaklija（theiterariesofthepersiancapaignsoftheeperorheracli），553（1950），133ffsuarybynhbaynes，h2（1913），292ff

[40]theophanes303（undertheyear622）：theexpression&lso;thedistrictsofthethes&rso;showsthattheprocessofestablishgtroops（thes）specificareasofasiaorhasalreadybegunbythistithisextrelyiportantpassa，whichtheophanesundoubtedlydrewfroanteporaryurce，is插racteristicoftheitialstaoftheanizationofthethesonafterwardsthenasofdividualthesappear：626thenteporaryeasterchronicle（chronpas插le715，20）ntionsaesoftheopsikon（forread&rso;：cfcdiehl，bz9，677）andjanuary627thechronicleoftheophanes（thoeph325，3）ntionsaturarchofthearniakonththesettgupofthesysteoftheswasbegunbeforethevictoryofheraclioverpersia，andnotafterasstebelieved（alwensslthearticlecitedabove，p96，n1），ntradictiontohisentirelyjtifiableviewthatthesettgupofthethesprovidestheonlypossibleexplanationforthe&lso;answunderbaregrenzendenuschwung&rso;thewarbeeenbyzantiuandpersia（studien，133）evenlessaeptableistheviewofapertiandnhbaynes（theworkscitedabove，p96，n1），thatthesettgupofthethesystedidnotbeguntilthesendhalfoftheseventhcenturyforaoredetaileddiscsionseeyownarticlesreferredtothesanote